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Q&A – Vacuum Questions Answered

By Bryan Orr

In this episode of the HVAC School podcast, host Bryan dives deep into the topic of vacuum in HVAC and refrigeration systems. He addresses two questions from social media about vacuum, expanding them into a comprehensive discussion of best practices, common issues, and techniques for effective vacuum procedures.

Bryan starts by explaining where to ideally locate a vacuum pump when working on a refrigeration system. He emphasizes the importance of pulling from the largest volume locations possible, often at multi-position service valves on the compressor or wherever accessible ports are available. He notes that systems that have been in operation pose unique challenges due to refrigerant dissolved in the oil, which can significantly increase vacuum time.

The podcast then covers the “one hose method” for pulling vacuum, detailing the process of using a single large hose connected to the suction side with the core removed, while placing the micron gauge on the liquid side. Bryan explains how this method can be highly effective for new systems but may take longer for systems that have been in operation. He also discusses the importance of valve quality.

Key topics covered in the podcast include:

Ideal vacuum pump location in refrigeration systems
The “one hose method” for pulling vacuum
Challenges of vacuuming systems that have been in operation
Using heat and nitrogen to improve vacuum efficiency
Importance of quality valves and tools in vacuum procedures
Proper maintenance of vacuum pumps and micron gauges
Dealing with refrigerant dissolved in oil during vacuum
The science behind evaporation at the oil-vapor interface
Tips for speeding up vacuum in difficult conditions
Recommended resources for further learning about vacuum techniques

Get your copy of Review of Vacuum for Service Engineers at TruTech Tools HERE.

Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at https://www.speakpipe.com/hvacschool.

Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 6th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/symposium.

Subscribe to our podcast on your iPhone or Android.

Subscribe to our YouTube channel.

Check out our handy calculators here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for Apple and Android.

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#deep vacuum #evacuation #hvac #micron #micron gauge #nitrogen #vacuum

Author:

Bryan Orr

Company: HVAC School

Position: Founder

Check out our most recent video

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Our latest Podcast

HVAC School – For Techs, By Techs

Real training for HVAC ( Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration) Technicians. Including recorded tech training, interviews, diagnostics and general conversations about the trade.

In this episode from the 6th Annual HVACR Training Symposium, Brynn Cooksey, a home performance contractor from Michigan and technical training business owner, reveals how indoor air quality (IAQ) testing transformed his contracting business from a commodity service into a profitable specialty. Cooksey shares his proven methodology for turning IAQ into an “instant profit center” by implementing systematic testing on every service call.

Cooksey opens with a striking reality check: according to the EPA, Americans spend 90% of their time indoors, yet indoor air quality is 2-5 times worse than outdoor air. This presents a massive opportunity for HVAC contractors, as he explains that consumers are already spending $10 billion annually on air quality products at big box stores – but they’re treating symptoms rather than addressing root causes. His approach involves educating contractors on how to position themselves as the solution providers rather than letting customers self-diagnose with retail products.

The presentation dives deep into six critical IAQ parameters that every contractor should measure: particles (especially dangerous PM 2.5), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, humidity, and temperature. Cooksey emphasizes his “test in, implement solution, test out” methodology, demonstrating how this systematic approach not only ensures customer satisfaction but also provides concrete proof of value delivered. He shares real-world examples, including a dramatic case where routine IAQ testing during a water heater service call revealed a cracked heat exchanger that could have been life-threatening.

The episode concludes with extensive coverage of ventilation strategies, which Cooksey calls the “silver bullet” for IAQ improvement. He walks through the differences between supply-only, exhaust-only, and balanced ventilation systems, strongly advocating for Energy Recovery Ventilators (ERVs) as the optimal solution. His practical approach includes using DOE’s free REDCalc tool for proper ventilation sizing and emphasizes the importance of controlled ventilation over relying on natural air leakage – debunking the myth that “houses need to breathe.”

Topics Covered

The IAQ Business Case: How testing indoor air quality on every service call creates new revenue streams and differentiates contractors in a commoditized market
Six Critical IAQ Parameters: Detailed explanation of particles (PM 2.5), VOCs, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, humidity, and temperature – what they are, how to measure them, and health impacts
Systematic Testing Methodology: The “test in, implement solution, test out” approach that provides measurable results and customer proof of value
Particle Control Strategies: Source control, enhanced filtration (MERV 13-16), duct cleaning benefits, and duct sealing with Aeroseal technology
Chemical and VOC Management: Understanding formaldehyde and benzene sources, proper storage techniques, and why PCO devices aren’t recommended
Carbon Monoxide Detection: The life-saving importance of testing every home, understanding chronic vs. acute exposure, and why standard CO detectors aren’t sufficient
Ventilation as the Silver Bullet: Comprehensive coverage of supply-only, exhaust-only, and balanced ventilation strategies, with strong emphasis on ERV systems
Practical Implementation Tools: Using DOE’s REDCalc tool for ventilation sizing, integrating IAQ testing into service calls, and customer communication strategies
Real-World Case Studies: Multiple examples of IAQ testing uncovering dangerous conditions, from cracked heat exchangers to improper combustion appliance installation
Building Science Integration: How IAQ testing leads to broader building performance improvements, including duct sealing, insulation, and equipment sizing corrections

Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at https://www.speakpipe.com/hvacschool.

Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/symposium.

Subscribe to our podcast on your iPhone or Android.

Subscribe to our YouTube channel.

Check out our handy calculators here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for Apple and Android

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