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Tech Tips:

Don’t Forget the Service Wrench
One of my most popular YouTube videos goes over how to adjust TXV superheat. It's a very simple little video that I did at my desk, and the other day I got this comment: “Good Video but I hate to say this BUT, with the title SCHOOL, why would you show the public an instructional […]
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Why (and When) Do We Need Defrost?
Why Defrost? Let's start with the basics and move on from there. Defrost is necessary when the coil temperature drops below 32°F. Defrost can be as simple as turning the compressor off for a period of time or as elaborate as reversing the flow of refrigerant for the whole system or just parts of the […]
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TD of Refrigeration Evaporators
We have discussed DTD (design temperature difference) quite a bit for air conditioning applications, but what about refrigeration? Let's start by defining our terms again. Suction Saturation Temperature The saturation temperature is the temperature at which the refrigerant will be at a given pressure if it is currently changing state. This change of state would […]
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Refrigeration Pump-down Cycle
This article was written by Jeremy Smith CM, an experienced refrigeration tech and all-around great dude. Thanks, Jeremy. A very common means of control seen on refrigeration equipment is the pump down control. Why do we use this rather than just cycling the compressor off and on like a residential HVAC unit? Since most refrigeration equipment […]
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Refrigeration Gas Defrost
Let's take a deeper dive into the magic that is gas defrost. Most techs who are familiar with heat pumps understand the basics of a gas defrost. When we apply this strategy to a larger system where we're only reversing a small part of the system, we need to add some controls and valves to […]
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CO2 Booster Systems (Codenamed CO2 is Interesting and Weird)
  Illustration Courtesy of Emerson CO2 is a pretty nice refrigerant. It has zero ODP (ozone depletion potential) and a GWP (global warming potential) of 1. CO2  has been used as a refrigerant almost from the very beginning of refrigerants, and it's been making a big comeback in market refrigeration (especially in colder climates). CO2 […]
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Solenoid Facts
Do you know how a solenoid valve works? Really? On the surface, I think we all understand how a solenoid valve works. The coil energizes, creating an electromagnet. That temporary magnetism lifts an iron plunger within the valve allowing refrigerant to flow. But is it really that simple? It turns out that the answer isn't […]
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Commercial Refrigeration Compressor Operation
Basic Compressor Functions The compressor's job is to circulate refrigerant through the system by means of vapor compression, similar to the way your heart moves blood through your circulatory system. Refrigerant circulation is measured in lbs/min or lbs/hour; this is called mass flow rate—the mass flow rate changes depending on the density of the refrigerant […]
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Basic Refrigeration Startup & Commissioning
Let's take a walk through the startup and commissioning procedure of a conventional or “single” refrigeration condensing unit. We’re going to start with a unit that is fully piped in and has been pressurized for leak and strength testing. For brevity, we are going to assume a basic familiarity with industry standards, company and customer […]
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Videos:

Podcasts:

Pumping vs. Compression – Short #218
 In this short episode, Bryan clears up the confusion behind pumping vs. compression. Pumping is usually associated with liquid. Liquid, like vapor, is a fluid, but it's a lot denser and is essentially incompressible because the molecules are close together. Liquid volume varies based on temperature and density, but we can't squish the molecules […]
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Building Tech Confidence w/ Refrigeration Mentor
 Trevor Matthews returns to the HVAC School Podcast to discuss building tech confidence and personal growth in the HVAC and refrigeration industry. The conversation explores the transformative power of self-investment, continuous learning, and maintaining a positive mindset. Trevor shares his personal journey from a hesitant technician to a successful business owner, highlighting the importance […]
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How Do You Ramp Up Your Team to Effectively Service and Support CO2 Applications?
 In this informative episode, Bryan Orr speaks with Andre Patenaude from Copeland about CO2 refrigeration systems. They dive deep into the unique characteristics and challenges of working with CO2 as a refrigerant, providing valuable insights for HVAC and refrigeration professionals looking to expand their knowledge in this growing field. Andre explains the reasons behind […]
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Residential & Rack Startup and Commissioning (Part 2)
 In this episode, Bryan and Max discuss commercial supermarket startup and commissioning with comparisons to residential HVAC work. Max, who has transitioned from residential air conditioning to supermarket refrigeration, shares his insights on the unique challenges and requirements of this specialized field. The conversation begins by emphasizing the critical importance of safety in supermarket […]
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Q&A – EPR and Pressure Limiting Valves w/ Matthew Taylor
 In this episode, Matthew Taylor joins the podcast to dive deep into the world of pressure-limiting valves and regulators used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems. They explore the intricacies of Maximum Operating Pressure (MOP) expansion valves, Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPR), and Crankcase Pressure Regulators (CPR), discussing their functions, applications, and differences. The conversation […]
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Using Refrigerant Troubleshooting Charts w/ Joey Henderson
 This episode focuses on understanding and effectively utilizing various refrigeration system charts and measurements for troubleshooting and diagnostics. Joey Henderson, an HVAC veteran and trainer, shares his wealth of knowledge and experience on this topic. Joey starts by discussing the challenges he faced early in his career when trying to make sense of the […]
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Rack Refrigeration Class – Part 1
This podcast episode is Part 1 of a Kalos class on rack refrigeration given by Matthew Taylor. This first segment focuses on the basic refrigerant circuit and oil management of a parallel rack system, common in market refrigeration. Parallel racks follow the same general process as any other compression refrigeration system. However, they contain multiple […]
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How to Save Energy with Grocery Store Refrigeration
 This podcast episode focuses on practical ways to save energy with grocery store refrigeration systems, with Matthew Taylor from Kalos Services sharing insights from both a technician and business owner perspective. The hosts emphasize that proper, consistent operation and preventing short cycling of compressors can have a major impact as the largest power consumers. […]
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Solving & Preventing Oil Issues in Rack Refrigeration
 In this HVAC podcast episode, hosts Bryan Orr and Matthew Taylor (refrigeration leader and trainer at Kalos Services) discuss oil management and considerations in supermarket refrigeration systems, with a focus on solving & preventing oil issues. They talk about the importance of stable system operation and how oil flows through both active and passive […]
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Events:

Introduction to Market Refrigeration for HVAC Techs
NOTE: If you cannot view the recording, the video may still be processing. The maximum wait time is 24 hours. We apologize for the delay and appreciate your patience.
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